We're transforming the grocery industry At Instacart, we invite the world to share love through food because we believe everyone should have access to the food they love and more time to enjoy it together. Where others see a simple need for grocery delivery, we see exciting complexity and endless opportunity to serve the varied needs of our community. We work to deliver an essential service that customers rely on to get their groceries and household goods, while also offering safe and flexible earnings opportunities to Instacart Personal Shoppers. Instacart has become a lifeline for millions of people, and we’re building the team to help push our shopping cart forward. If you’re ready to do the best work of your life, come join our table. Instacart is a Flex First team There’s no one-size fits all approach to how we do our best work. Our employees have the flexibility to choose where they do their best work—whether it’s from home, an office, or your favorite coffee shop—while staying connected and building community through regular in-person events. Learn more about our flexible approach to where we work. Overview The Advertiser Optimization team is the decision-making engine of Instacart's $1B+ ads business. We own the systems responsible for Bidding, Pacing, Budgeting, and Targeting: converting stated advertiser goals into real-time auction actions. Our mission is to maximize realized Advertiser Value by deciding when to participate, how much to bid, and how fast to spend, all while balancing User Experience and Platform Revenue.   We are hiring a Senior Applied Scientist II to lead the algorithmic direction of these systems. This is a role for someone who thinks in terms of control theory, constrained optimization, and auction economics, and who can translate those frameworks into production code that makes millions of decisions per day. You will formulate problems from first principles, shape the technical roadmap, and own systems end-to-end from mathematical design through production deployment through impact measurement. About the Job • Design and evolve real-time bid optimization systems that translate advertiser goals (target ROAS, budget constraints) into optimal auction bids under uncertainty. Formulate the bidding problem as constrained optimization and build the feedback mechanisms that keep bids aligned with realized outcomes. • Build intelligent budget pacing algorithms that distribute spend across time and auction opportunities. The core challenge: allocating a finite daily budget across stochastic demand while maximizing total value, subject to advertiser constraints and time-varying conversion dynamics. • Develop the analytical frameworks that connect bidding, pacing, and budgeting into a coherent optimization objective. • Shape auction mechanics including reserve pricing, multi-slot allocation, and bid-to-price mapping. Reason about mechanism design tradeoffs between advertiser outcomes, platform revenue, and marketplace efficiency. • Own the full research-to-production loop: diagnose system behavior from large-scale data, formulate hypotheses, design experiments, ship production code, and measure impact. Write technical strategy documents that set the algorithmic direction for the team. About You Minimum Qualifications • Graduate degree (Masters or PhD) in operations research, applied mathematics, control systems, computational economics, or a related quantitative field. • 8+ years of experience building and deploying optimization or control systems in production environments (not just research prototypes). • Strong foundation in at least two of: feedback control theory (PID, MPC), convex and stochastic optimization, auction theory and mechanism design, dynamic programming. • Proficiency in one of the following languages: Go, Java, C++ for production systems and Python for data analysis and offline pipelines. • Demonstrated ability to translate mathematical formulations into production code that runs at scale (millions of decisions per day, sub-100ms latency constraints). Preferred Qualifications • Experience with real-time bidding systems, ad auction optimization, or computational advertising at scale. • Background in budget-constrained allocation methods. Experience with adaptive control or model-predictive control in production systems. • Familiarity with causal inference and experimental design for evaluating algorithmic changes in marketplace settings. • Track record of shaping technical strategy and driving cross-functional alignment between engineering, product, and data science. Instacart provides highly market-competitive compensation and benefits in each location where our employees work. This role is remote and the base pay range for a successful candidate is dependent on their permanent work location. Please review our Flex First remote work policy here. Offers may vary based on many factors, such as candidate experience and skills required for the role. Additionally, this role is eligible for a new hire equity grant as well as annual refresh grants. Please read more about our benefits offerings here. For US based candidates, the base pay ranges for a successful candidate are listed below. CA, NY, CT, NJ $240,000—$253,500 USD WA $230,000—$243,000 USD OR, DE, ME, MA, MD, NH, RI, VT, DC, PA, VA, CO, TX, IL, HI $221,000—$233,000 USD All other states $201,000—$212,000 USD